The Water and Wastewater sector is pivotal within municipal operations, made up of emissions generated in the transportation of water to residents and the treatment of their wastewater. These processes are inherently energy-intensive due to the significant amounts of power required for the operation of pumping stations, treatment facilities, and the maintenance of infrastructure to ensure the continuous supply of clean water and the safe treatment of wastewater.

The energy used in these operations is a notable contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, primarily when sourced from fossil fuels. The City of Bloomington recognizes the importance of this sector in its overall emissions profile, marking it as the fourth largest source of emissions