Waste management encompasses the handling of all waste generated within the boundaries of Bloomington, regardless of whether it is disposed of within city limits. A crucial aspect of waste management is the differentiation between organic and inorganic waste.

Organic waste, such as food scraps and yard waste, has significant potential for diversion away from landfills because when it decomposes in landfill conditions, it generates methane, a potent greenhouse gas. Diverting organic waste to composting facilities can greatly reduce these emissions while simultaneously producing valuable compost for agricultural and landscaping use.

Inorganic waste, while not producing methane in the same way, still poses challenges in terms of landfill space and potential pollution. With waste management being the third largest source of emissions in the city, strategies to reduce waste generation and improve waste diversion are essential for Bloomington's environmental sustainability efforts.